Satellite Dna And Its Types
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A minisatellite sequence is shown in figure 2.
Satellite dna and its types. Satellite dna is mainly present in heterochromatin or the tightly packed regions of chromosomes in centromeres telomeres and sometimes even in the euchromatin region active region of the genome. Satellite dna satdna is the highly repetitive dna consisting of short sequences repeated a large number of times. There are different types of satellite dna known as alphoid dna beta satellite 1 satellite 2 satellite 3 etc. Satellite dna consists of very large arrays of tandemly repeating non coding dna.
Looking at the anatomy of a typical satellite one discovers two modules. For example minisatellite dna is a short region 1 5kb of repeating elements with length 9 nucleotides. 15 note that some novel architectural concepts such as fractionated spacecraft somewhat upset this taxonomy. However variation in the length of the repeat is common.
The two main types of satellite dna are minisatellites and microsatellites. It is composed of short nucleotide sequences around 60 bp that are repeated more than 10 6 times in the genome. The satellite s functional versatility is embedded within its technical components and its operations characteristics. Satellite dna is a type of tandem repeats.
Satellite dna is the main component of functional centromeres and form th. It carries a variable at rich repeat unit that often forms arrays up to 100 mb. Such repeats are often found clustered in tandem near the centromeres i e the attachment points for the nuclear spindle fibres that move chromosomes during cell division. Satellite dna differs in density with the majority of dna.
Most satellite dna is localized to the telomeric or the centromeric region of the chromosome. Repetitive dna genome dispersed repeats and 3 satellite dna which contains short nucleotide sequences repeated as many as thousands of times. Hence it gives a separate band during ultracentrifugation. The nucleotide sequence of the repeats is fairly well conserved across species.
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